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Overview of ROS reactive oxygen species detection methods

Pubtime:2024-10-17
View volume:123

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), as an important class of metabolites in living organisms, play a crucial role in physiological processes such as cell signaling, defense against pathogenic microorganisms, and redox regulation. However, excessive production of ROS can also cause damage to cells and is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. Therefore, accurate detection of ROS levels is of great significance for understanding cellular physiological functions, evaluating oxidative stress status, and disease diagnosis. The following is a review of ROS reactive oxygen species detection methods:

1、 Fluorescence probe method

Fluorescence probe method is a commonly used ROS detection method, which utilizes the reaction between fluorescent dyes and ROS to generate fluorescent signals, thereby achieving quantitative detection of ROS. Common fluorescent probes include dihydroethidine (DHE), dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), etc. These probes can react with ROS to generate strong fluorescent signals, which can be detected by devices such as fluorescence microscopes or flow cytometers. For example, DCFH-DA probes are widely used to detect ROS such as hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals, and their fluorescence intensity is proportional to ROS levels.

2、 Chemiluminescence method

Chemiluminescence is a ROS detection method based on the generation of light through chemical reactions. This method utilizes specific chemiluminescent reagents to react with ROS, generating a light signal to achieve quantitative detection of ROS. Common chemiluminescent reagents include Luminol and Isoluminol. The chemiluminescence signals generated by the reaction between these reagents and ROS can be detected by devices such as photomultiplier tubes. The chemiluminescence method has the advantages of high sensitivity and low background interference, and is suitable for the detection of trace ROS.

3、 Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is a detection method based on ROS spin resonance signals. This method utilizes the spin resonance characteristics of ROS by amplifying and detecting the spin resonance signal of ROS through external magnetic fields and microwave radiation. The EPR method has high specificity and sensitivity, and can directly detect ROS in living organisms. Common EPR probes include nitrooxygen radicals and spin labeled antioxidants.

4、 Other methods

In addition to the above three methods, electrochemical biosensors, chromatography, spectrophotometry, and fluorescent protein based methods can also be used for ROS detection. These methods each have their own characteristics and can be selected and applied according to experimental needs.

In summary, there are various methods for detecting ROS reactive oxygen species, each with its unique advantages and scope of application. When selecting a detection method, comprehensive consideration should be given to factors such as experimental objectives, sample types, and detection sensitivity.


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